King Henry s Viii Church Of England Essay - 2987 Words

Jason E. Burleigh English M01A Professor Egan November 21, 2014 King Henry’s VIII Church of England Was the Reformation Based in Religion or Politics? When most students think of Henry VIII, they think of the mad, power hungry and misogynistic tyrant who beheaded two of his wives and married six times. Although those events did in fact take place, it is the greater accomplishments of King Henry VIII that should be remembered throughout history. Historians consider Henry VIII to be the most important monarch to have ruled the English and Welsh (Hutton). While Henry VIII is most memorable for his foundation of the Church of England, he was also admired for his remodeling of English government and taxation, the arrival of renaissance art and literature to England, the establishment of the Kingdom of Ireland, and the establishment of major buildings such as colleges, palaces, and fortresses (Hutton). King Henry VIII was an essential figure in establishing in the mind of the public, the island state of England, to be a powerful but independent nation. The English reformation is often regarded as the most important event in English history. There are many misconceptions about the cause of the reformation, as well as debate over the impact the Reformation had on English culture and society. It is indisputable that the English reformation finds its roots with King Henry VIII. Henry VIII was the most influential factor in the reformation and is the very cause of the separation ofShow MoreRelatedThe Rise Of The Renaissance1448 Words   |  6 Pagesthe Church held the presiding ideas upon mostly everything in society. The social norm was to follow and believe what the Church had said to be true. However, the Renaissance brought about impending ideas on concepts throughout the world. Leaders such as Henry VIII, Mary I, and Elizabeth I arose to power amid this age. Although there were many kings and queens that rose to power during this time period, and are argued to be the most influential leaders of the Renaissance, King Henry VIII is theRead MoreThe Tudors Effec t On The English Church Essay1303 Words   |  6 Pageson the English Church â€Å"Nothing would be the same for any woman in this country again. From this time onward no wife, however obedient, however loving, would be safe. For everyone would know that if a wife such as Queen Katherine of England could be put aside for no reason, then any wife could be put aside.† (Gregory, 2002, 276) The Tudor dynasty was a well-known royal family during England in the 1500’s. The best known, and discussed ruler during this time was King Henry the VIII. He is known forRead MoreThe Tudors Effect On History Essay1306 Words   |  6 Pageseveryone would know that if a wife such as Queen Katherine of England could be put aside for no reason, then any wife could be put aside.† (Gregory, 2002, 276) The Tudor dynasty was a well-known royal family during England in the 1500’s. The best known, and discussed ruler during this time was King Henry the VIII. He is known for his many wives, specifically six, and also his radical reformation of the English Chu rch. King Henry VIII was very concerned with having a male heir to continue the dynastyRead MoreThe Appeal Of Indulgences By Johann Tetzel1407 Words   |  6 PagesQuestion 1: Indulgences: The offer of indulgences was a practice where the congregation recognised a gift or other beneficent work with a bit of paper, a liberality, that ensured that the supplier s spirit would enter paradise all the more rapidly by lessening their time in limbo. The Church taught that if a man had submitted no genuine sins that ensured a spot in damnation and they kicked the bucket before apologising and making up for the greater part of their wrongdoings, then their spirit wentRead MoreHenry Viii And Elizabeth Of York1038 Words   |  5 Pages Henry VIII Can you guess who this is? He will form his own church (Elton). He will also marry 6 wives(Crofton 130). Did you guess right? It was King Henry VIII. Henry VIII was born June 28, 1941 (Crofton 128). Henry was the second son of King Henry VII and Elizabeth of York (Elton). After his oldest brother Arthur in 1502 he became heir to the English throne (Crofton 130). In 1509 Henry VII died and then Henry VIII was crowned on June 23,1509 (Crofton 128). Henry was the secondRead MoreGreat Leaders And Rulers Of The Elizabethan Time Period1748 Words   |  7 Pagesbut if you want to test a man s character, give him power†. Whether given power through democracy, communism, monarchy, or several other forms of government those who lead a country or nation are remembered throughout history. Leaders and rulers are distinguished by the events that occur during their reign whether they are controllable or insuppressible. They are remembered for the conflicts that occur and simply how they use the power given to them. The title of King gives one a tremendous amountRead MoreThomas Cromwell : A Great Writer Essay731 Words   |  3 PagesThomas Cromwell Thomas Cromwell was a great English statesman and lawyer who lived in the late 1400s to early 1500s. He was born in 1485 in the district of Putney in London, England. Though he was born into a blacksmith and trade family, he wanted to be self-made and get into the government and politics of England. At a young age, Thomas Cromwell traveled through Europe, including Italy and France, picking up various trades such as military, banking and as a clerk but later ending up as a lawyerRead MoreHenry Viii And Henry Vi : Why Did Shakespeare Do This !?1510 Words   |  7 Pages12/6/2014 Sasha Woods English 2B Ms. Carey Henry VIII and Henry VI: Why did Shakespeare do this!?! The Shakespearean playwrights, Henry VIII and Henry VI are portrayed as the most powerful and dominant king that ever ruled England. Then you take a look at these two kings real lives and it strikes mystery. What true? What not? What to believe, what not believe? Well in this book report, I will compare and contrast the playwrights that Shakespeare wrote, to there real lives. But first we have toRead MoreThe Impact Of Thomas Cromwell And The Christant Reformation1323 Words   |  6 PagesPeriod (True, â€Å"The Early Modern Period† slide 2). This point in history is marked with important people, movements, and advancements in technology (True, â€Å"The Early Modern Period†). Some of the most prominent names from this time are Martin Luther, King Henry VII, and John Wycliffe (True, â€Å"The Protestant Reformation†). All of these people played a significant role in the movement referred to as the Protestant Reformation. For instance, William Tyndale was able t o produce one of the first English versionsRead MoreKing Henry Viii : The King Of The Throne1682 Words   |  7 PagesKing Henry VIII was one of the most important and controversial leaders in English royalty history. In his rule, he made several large changes to normal English lifestyle, including taking complete control over the Church system and stripping the pope of all of his powers in England. He also broke a Christian tradition by having six different wives (In Christianity, you are not allowed not allowed to divorce or have several spouses). King Henry VIII s life and rule completely redefined English

Indian Wedding Rituals And Traditional Rituals - 1895 Words

â€Å"Something old, something new, something borrowed, something blue†¦Ã¢â‚¬  A wedding is a ceremony of marriage that is celebrated across cultures. It is one of the only rituals that many of the world’s cultures have in common. However, each culture has their own unique traditions when dealing with marriage. Because India is a more religious nation than the United States, they tend to stick to a more traditional regimen of rituals and customs. While most weddings in the United States have developed into more modernized versions of the ancient ceremony, Hindu weddings in India continue to be very traditional and religious. Weddings are also taken much more seriously in India than they are in the United States. The Hindu (India’s major religious†¦show more content†¦It is said to be one of the most enjoyable and extravagant events of the wedding. It is one of the less serious events of the wedding, and a great chance to have fun and get to know the new family in a more relaxed setting. The Mehendi ceremony consists of more traditional rituals that are an integral and exciting part of the pre-wedding. Mehendi is one of the oldest forms of body art. It is a term derived from the Sanskrit word, ‘mendhika’ which refers to the henna plant. The bride is covered in these intricate Mehendi designs, henna tattoos, as part of the Hindus’ customary sixteen adornments. Traditionally, the groom’s initial is included somewhere in the detailed designs of florals and paisley print that adorn the bride. Henna is known for its cooling properties and was originally supposed to help calm the bride’s nerves when applied to her hands and feet. After Mehendi, the bride does not step out of the house until the next day, when Var Mala begins. Var Mala is a main wedding day ceremony in which the bride and groom exchange garlands. The groom’s friends attempt to prevent the bride from putting her garland around the g room’s neck to tease her, while the bride’s friends help her do the same. Everyone enjoys the tussle between the two wedding parties, and the groom finally succeeds in his endeavors. This signifies that the bride has accepted the groom as her husband. After Var Mala, the couple gets blessed by the elders of both families. This is followed byShow MoreRelatedThe Sacred Ritual Of Marriage1366 Words   |  6 PagesRituals can be described as an outward expression of inward intention (Rituals, Rites and Festivals, n.d.). Rituals have a prominent role in today’s society as they enable people of all religions to communicate and form a stronger connection with their God or Gods (Rituals, Rites and Festivals, n.d.). Over the years rituals have evolved because society’s values have changed and modern culture has had an influence on them. The sacred ritual of marriage in Catholic Christianity and Hinduism, whileRead MoreDifferences Between American Culture And Indi an Culture1167 Words   |  5 Pageslie between two nations. While the culture of America is a mixture of different cultures, the Indian culture is unique and has its own values. There are many types of differences lies between American culture and Indian culture in terms of Religions, Languages, Rituals and Cuisines. Religious is a set of common beliefs and practices generally held by a group of people that is usually separated by rituals and religious laws. There are so many cultures within each country. India is one of the most religiouslyRead MoreCultural Weddings3169 Words   |  13 PagesA wedding is the marriage rite in which two people are united in marriage or a similar institution. Wedding traditions and customs vary greatly between cultures, ethnic groups, religions, countries, and social classes. Most wedding ceremonies involve an exchange of wedding vows by the couple, presentation of a gift, and a public proclamation of marriage by an authority figure or leader. Spec ial wedding garments are often worn, and the ceremony is followed by a wedding reception. Music, poetry, prayersRead MoreRitual Dances By Lucile Armstrong1432 Words   |  6 Pagesstarted out as a ritual. According to HistoryWorld â€Å"In most ancient civilization, dance before the god is an important element in the temple ritual†. Ritual dancing bring men as they celebrate their necessities. These necessities include food, shelter, safety, and surviving natural disasters. These ritual dances brought the communities together to celebrate their accomplishments. According to Lucile Armstrong writer of Ritual dances states that â€Å"The first section of will deal with ritual dances not usingRead MoreWedding Traditions around the world1343 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿ Informative Speech- Wedding Traditions around the world. Topic- Marriage rituals around the world. Purpose statement-Even though getting married is one of the things we all share in the world, everyone has their own unique way of doing it. Organizational Pattern- Specific Introduction   Ã‚  Ã‚   Attention Getter- Wasn’t the day of your wedding one of the most special days of your life? I got married last year, a big full traditional wedding, and it was definitely very special and very memorableRead MorePersonal Experience: Hindu Weddings837 Words   |  3 PagesHave you ever gone to a wedding that was outside of the norm for you – how was your experience? Weddings are events that connect the bond of love between two people for the rest of their lives. There are countless options and ways to get married and each have their own traditions. Indian weddings are very traditional and are a very big celebration. As Marriage Clix exclaims, â€Å"Indian weddings tend to be very vibrant and elaborate affairs† (Indian Wedding Blog). Indian weddings are definitely an amazingRead MoreIndi The Tradition Of The Caste System1025 Words   |  5 Pages In India, vivahas are weddings. Indian celebrations usually last a week. Because of it’s importance, marriages are often arranged by parents. This is especially true in Indian villages where 75% of the population lives and the tradition of the caste system remains strong. Both families attend a formal engagement ceremony, called a misri. It starts with seven married woman making the symbol for Genesa, the god of wisdom, in a pot of crystallized sugar and asking for his blessings. Then the futureRead MoreA Brief Note On Cross Culture Of India928 Words   |  4 Pagesknowledge about the cultures of the other country there people, there style of living, festivals, education systems, cuisines, weddings and the most important one their languages. India is one of the oldest civilizations in the world. The culture of India varies from place to place within the country. The Indian culture is the combination of several different cultures. Indian culture is specifically based on the religions there are several different religions belonging to same country. Basically theyRead MoreEssay On Rites Of Passage1505 Words   |  7 PagesRites of Passage are â€Å"rituals that mark a person passage from one identity to the next† (Robins, Cummings and McGarry 2016, 61). Marriage is the 15th and most important rite of passage in a Hindu’s life (Holme and Bowker 1994, 72). This rite of passage is known as â€Å"vivaha† and the rituals conducted during the ceremony vary from each region in India. â€Å"Satpadi† translates to â€Å"Seven Steps† and is the final ritual of the â€Å"vivaha†. This occurs during the marriage ceremony of one s life where the brideRead MoreWedding Rituals and Meanings of Tw o Separate Cultures1165 Words   |  5 PagesIn this paper we will look at two separate cultures wedding rituals and meanings. We will find that within various cultures, marriage is symbolically represented through a range of very simple to elaborate weddings. Marriage typically transforms both individuals’ roles in society and in the home. It is the combining of two families and often involves politics and takes into consideration good social standing. Cultural traditions are often passed on the families and children. Marriage can serve as

Natural Monopoly and Distorted Competition

Question: Explain why governments may want to set the price charged by natural monopolies at the level where the demand curve cuts the average total cost curve? Answer: Introduction: The place where sellers and buyers meet to deal with the transaction of varied goods and services is known as market. The market can be segmented into several parts depending upon some pre-specified paradigm (Lavoie, 2013). The paradigms are: the total number of peoples involved in transaction, hindrances posed on exit and entry, etc. Through this essay, it has been tried on our part to draw an inference about the governments choice of quoting the price at the intersecting point of demand curve and average total cost curve. In monopoly market, the sellers or producer has the upper-hand in quoting the price of goods and services. But in case of natural monopoly market it has been seen that the higher authority always controls the price. This behavior can be explained by using few economic terms like total cost, marginal cost and marginal revenue (Geng, Ji, Fan, 2014). This essay initially highlights the basic concepts of the subject economics and a short discussion on the various markets to get a better perceptive about the situation in which trade occurs. The rationale behind the opinion of the government and its interference in the decision process of the natural monopolist has been discussed henceforth (Browning Zupan, 2014). The essay takes the help of different concepts like costs, benefits, choices in highlighting the governments decision. Discussion: Demand and supply are the two pillars of the subject economics. The subject entangled with complicated mathematics, hypotheses, theories and complex process involved in decision-making tries to find out ways in which the equilibrium can be maintained and restored within the economy. The business sector in the economy can be segregated into few segments namely, monopoly, perfect competition, oligopoly, monopolistic, oligopolistic and monopsony markets. A short outline regarding the 4 most well recognized market has been drawn and then the main market of natural monopoly has been elucidated while answering the given question. The two extreme types of market namely perfect competition and monopoly are utopian situations(Makowski, 2014). Yet the market of perfect competition is the ideal situation that can exist in the economy from consumers viewpoint. The market with a few sellers who individually has the power to influence the transaction pattern of trade is known as oligopoly market(Weyl Fabinger, 2013). Monopolistic market also consisting of a few sellers face minimum barrier in ingress and egress (Nikaido, 2015). The final and 4th type of market, monopoly is discussed below. Monopoly Market: The term monopoly is given to the market where only one seller is responsible to meet the entire demand generated in the society. The seller being free from any rivalry dominates the market and is responsible for quoting the price of the services and goods. The structure itself indicates the fact that other sellers are debarred form entering the market (Scitovsky, 2013). Natural Monopoly: The natural monopoly is the market in which ingress of other producer is restricted as it is associated with lofty cost. In pure monopoly, the other firms are restricted from entering the market but in case of natural monopoly no other firm tries to enter due as they would require to borne huge cost whereas they can remain sure that they wont get equivalent revenue(Stiglitz Rosengard, 2015). Example: The market for railway service can be cited as an appropriate example of natural monopoly. Railway is one of the cheapest and fastest methods of communication in the world. The important characteristics of this market are as follows: Scale economies: This feature implies that with the increase in the number of total output the marginal cost incurred decreases and hence the company always tries to produce their service in bulk. High fixed cost: The cost borne by a company can be divided into two parts. They are: Fixed cost and variable cost. The burden that any producer needs to bear even if there is no production in the company is called fixed cost. Low variable cost: The cost that fluctuates depending on the total production of the company is known as variable cost. In the natural monopoly market the ups and downs of production cannot create a big difference in fluctuation of this component. The comparison drawn below the two intense type of market structure can help in better understanding of the inefficiency of the natural monopoly market. The diagram below clarifies the situation. Figure 1: Difference between Perfect Competition Monopoly Source: Created by the Author The diagram above shows both the monopoly market and perfect competition together. The diagram on the left shows the market of perfect competition where Pc and Qc are the respective price and quantity that exists in the market as a result of interaction between the supply and demand curve. The demand is perfectly elastic. On other hand the figure on the right side depicts the scenario of monopoly market. The equilibrium is obtained by equating the marginal cost and marginal revenue curve. Here Pm and Qm depicts the price and quantity respectively. From both the diagram it can be summarized that the monopolist charge greater price for a service than the perfect competition market. Also the quantity of goods and service produced in the market is reduced in the monopoly market(Yurukoglu Lim, 2014). As the price charged by the monopolist is much greater than the prices in other market, hence there it is obvious that the buyers are left with a reduced amount of consumer surplus. At the s ame time the seller gets a hike in their producer surplus. But overall there is a lack of efficiency in the market that leads to the failure of the market (Eaton, Allen, Eaton, 2012). The way in which natural monopolies behaves if the price is quoted at the juncture of average total cost curve and the average revenue that is the demand curve has been observed from three different perspective and discussed below with the help of diagram: Figure 2: Price determination in Monopoly Market Source: Created by the Author The diagram above shows that if complete power is bestowed in the hands of the monopoly firm then they will offer the service at a price as high as Pm. At such a high price only a few consumer will be able to use the service. Only Qm quantity of goods and services will be provided in the market. The benefit of the monopoly firm: The profit making motive of the monopoly producer always thrives to find a way through which they can extract the maximum possible consumer surplus from consumers hand and convert it into the producer surplus. This can only be done by setting the price at high level(Stigler Mencken, 2016). From the diagram above it can be seen that at Pm the producer earns a profit as shown by the uppermost rectangle in the figure. Hence, the firm is being benefitted as it can successfully yield some amount of super-normal profit that in turn induces them to continue their operation at that juncture itself(Salvatore, 2012). But if the firm keeps on operating at this situation, then both the firm and the society have to face some severe consequences which are discussed in the next stanza. Cost on monopoly firm and on the society: Since the firm operates at such a high price, therefore it reduces the scope of the firm to cater a large mass of people. Hence, losing some potential consumer is the cost that the firm has to borne at the given situation. On other hand, from the consumers perspective as many of them cannot get the service due to the extreme high cost associated with the same, they are forcefully deprived. The society as a whole faces some dead-weight loss which has been depicted by the triangle ABC in the diagram above. The monopoly firm faces the grave problem of allocative efficiency (Geng, Ji Fan, 2014). Allocative efficiency is the situation where there is balance in the societys production and consumers demand and it occurs when marginal cost and average revenue gets equated. Under such circumstances the government needs to intervene and minimize the societys welfare loss. Government Intervention: The government tries to balance the extreme effects and make the firm operate at a level where both the producers and the consumers can sustain in the market. The diagram below clarifies the measures taken by the regulatory authority. Figure 3: Government intervention in Monopoly Market Source: Created by the Author The ideal situation is the scenario where the price is above Ps that is price quoted under perfect competition and below Pm that is the price in monopoly market. The place where the average total cost curve of the monopoly firm and the demand curve of the same intersect is chosen by the government as the ideal price(Krugman, Obstfeld, Melitz, 2015). It is the government who has the duty to provide proper feasible services to its people. The government can regulate the market in three different ways. They are: Direct regulation: The government itself provides the service and goods in the market discarding the existence of private sector. Price regulation: It may put a ceiling on the price of the goods and services. In such a situation the monopoly producer cannot charge any price above that pre-declared price. Quota or quantity regulation: The government can also force the producer to produce a minimum amount of goods in the market. The minimum amount that the government decides is given by the same intersecting point of demand curve and average total cost curve(Browning Zupan, 2014). If the government fixes the quota of Qg amount of goods then the price of the goods and services will automatically get reduced to Pg level. This is because if the producer keeps price at Pm but quantity produced at Qg, then there is going to be a surplus which is equivalent to (Qg- Qm) in the market. So automatically by the natural laws of the market the price gets reduced. On other hand the total loss of welfare also decreases as shown by the smaller triangle EFG. A real example below depicts the huge cost of natural monopoly and governments intervention in the same market. Railway networks falls under natural monopoly in countries like India and Australia and are operated by the government themselves. Fiber optic markets also enjoy the status of natural monopoly in many countries(Minamihashi, 2012). The Australian Rail Track Corporation is responsible for providing railway service in the country(Nash, 2015). The Australian government during 2003 proposed to design an inter-state network within the country with an investment of over $ 872 million (Miller, 2016) Conclusion: The writing can be wrapped up by connoting few facts one again. The market for monopoly comes up with the problem of market failure. On other hand the most desirable market is nothing short of being utopian phenomenon. The society requires certain large scale services and goods in order to sustain in the market. It is seen that often those large scale services can be provided efficiently only if they are operated under natural monopoly. On other hand allowing the private sector to operate freely with monopoly power will create a distortion between the desired level of service at certain price and the original provision of the same. Hence, the government being a controlling authority is left with two feasible options under this circumstance. The government can either become the supplier of that particular service or it can intervene in the private sector and control the price of the goods and services by debarring the price to rise above the intersecting point of the demand curve and total cost curve of the private firm. There can be a third option open for the government as well which requires a lot of time. It is improving the situation by encouraging research and development. Only a havoc escalation in technology can create a condition capable of reducing the production cost and thereby efficiently catering the market. Bibliography Browning, E. K., Zupan, M. A. (2014). Microeconomics: Theory and Applications. Wiley Global Education. Eaton, B. C., Allen, D. W., Eaton, D. F. (2012). Microeconomics: theory with applications. Pearson Canada. Geng, J., Ji, Q., Fan, Y. (2014). A dynamic analysis on global natural gas trade network. Applied Energy. Krugman, P. R., Obstfeld, M., Melitz, M. (2015). International trade: theory and policy. Pearson. Lavoie, M. (2013). Teaching post-Keynesian economics in a mainstream department. Makowski, L. (2014). Perfect Competition, the Profit Criterion, and the Organiza-tion of Economic Activity. Journal of Economic Theory , 105-125. Miller, A. (2016). Promoting Economically Efficient Use of, and Investment in, Infrastructure in Australia: The Role of the'Essential Facilities' Regime. Promoting Economically Efficient Use of, and Investment in, Infrastructure in Australia. Minamihashi, N. (2012). Natural monopoly and distorted competition: evidence from unbundling fiber-optic networks. Nash, C. (2015). The evolving global railway industry. The Routledge Companion to Network Industries. Nikaido, H. (2015). Monopolistic Competition and Effective Demand.(PSME-6).. Princeton University Press. Salvatore, D. (2012). Microeconomics: theory and applications. OUP Catalogue. Scitovsky, T. (2013). Welfare Competition . Routledge. Stigler, G., Mencken, H. (2016). PAM 3170 PAM 5170: Market Regulation and Public Policy . Spring 2016. Stiglitz, J., Rosengard, J. (2015). Economics of the Public Sector: Fourth International Student Edition. WW Norton Company. Weyl, E., Fabinger, M. (2013). Pass-through as an economic tool: Principles of incidence under imperfect competition. Journal of Political Economy , 528-83. Yurukoglu, A., Lim, C. (2014). Yurukoglu, A., Lim, C. (2014). Dynamic Natural Monopoly Regu Asymmetric Information, and Political Environments. Society for Economic Dyanamics.

Lobbyists In Canada Essay Research Paper Lobbyist free essay sample

Lobbyists In Canada Essay, Research Paper Lobbyist necessary for authorities reform Lobbying is a formal and recognized portion of the democratic system. Lobbying is any signifier of direct or indirect communicating with the authorities or its functionaries designed to act upon public policy. A lobbyist is a paid professional who makes his/her living by act uponing authorities. Business houses or assorted economic and political groups are the most frequent employers of lobbyists ( e.g. Tobacco companies ) . A lobbyist is hired for their expertness and cognition of authorities and how it works, besides who to turn to. , In order to hold proper authorities reform, lobbyist are necessary in a democratic society. In order for lobbyist group to be successful they must utilize different methods ( direct or indirect ) , If they are working for a company they must utilize the enrollment act and the down sides to lobbyists is that, the 1s with the most money normally control the result. We will write a custom essay sample on Lobbyists In Canada Essay Research Paper Lobbyist or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Lobbyists attempt to act upon authorities policy either straight through contact with the authorities, or indirectly by act uponing public sentiment, which in bend might impact authorities determinations. The direct method could affect letters to the Prime Minister, requests sent to a Member of Parliament or set uping contact with an of import civil retainer or politician. Knowing the right individual and how to utilize them is one of the most of import ways of acquiring an organisation # 8217 ; s point across. ( E.g. the Wambacks campaign to alter the Young wrongdoers act, after their boy, was beaten in a park for evident ground. ) # 8220 ; A 19-year-old who steal $ 500 out of your house will pass more clip in gaol than a 17-year-old who murders your son. # 8221 ; ( Whamback, 2000 ) # 8220 ; The household received over 600 electronic mails from across the state, forcing the sum to more 636,000. # 8221 ; ( Chisholm, 2000 ) # 8220 ; Once they get 1 million names, they plan to take it to Ottawa, where alterations to the Young wrongdoers act are being studied. # 8221 ; ( Hudson, 2000 ) The Wambacks won # 8217 ; t halt until they have changed the immature wrongdoers act, they evidently have the support of the populace, and therefore they are buttonholing the authorities for proper reform, they are working on behalf of the Canadian population. # 8220 ; Angry teamsters slowed traffic on Highway 40 1 to a crawl pulling the anger of automobilists and a phalanx of constabulary – as protests continued across the country.† ( Alphen, 2000 ) Truck driver # 8217 ; s are angry at the monetary value of Diesel and would wish the federal authorities to make something about it. They will keep presentations until their jobs have been dealt with. The indirect method is when politicians are really cognizant of public sentiment polls and frequently consult such polls to set up how the public feels about on certain issues. Pressure groups know that politicians rely on these polls and so many of them spend a great trade of clip and attempt to act upon. As of 1989 the lobbyists # 8217 ; enrollment act requires lobbyists to register with the federal authorities so that there is a public record of whom is seeking to act upon policy shapers. Under the act, persons who are paid to pass on with the authorities for the intent of act uponing policy-makers determinations are considered to be lobbyists. Those who lobby the authorities on a unpaid footing do non hold to register. Although paid lobbyists must register with the authorities and the authorities does non modulate their activities. # 8220 ; A Toronto councilor has softly proposed major alterations to the municipal moralss and buying bylaw in a command to do the Wheeling and covering at City Hall more transparent. # 8221 ; ( Benzie, 2000 ) The Negative facets to lobbyists are that the 1s working for big international corporations, which have a batch of finicky, endorsing normally control the result. In the U.S.A lobbyists are a large portion of capital hill they are ever seeking to act upon politicians, by adding money to their runs, these companies/groups may include the N.R.A ( National Rifle Association ) or Phillip Morris, who produce Cigarettes. The term you may used to depict this is a payoff. The politician will side with the 1s paying for their re-election run, if they don # 8217 ; t they won # 8217 ; t acquire money for their run, which could add up to 1000000s. In decision lobbyist are necessary in a democratic society for authorities reform. By utilizing different methods to demo the populace about their state of affairs, the authorities of Canada instating the enrollment act to protect the smaller lobbyists, and lobbyists can work against the involvement of the populace, for the involvements of big corporations