France vs. England 17th Century Essay

at that dress are mainly two types of presidencys that emerged during the ordinal century. Most of the political developing took place in France and England. Absolute monarchy took oer passim France while constitutionalism, or parliamentary monarchy, was neat popular in England betwixt 1640 and 1780. Frances impregnable monarchy developed because of the nobles and barons focused on the concept of divine right. England, on the former(a) hand, developed through the businessmen and landowners trying to pr so fart the central concentration of political power. These governments grasped the attention of philosophers, leaders, and churches. Eventually, two would develop and act the modern world today in Europe and the Americas. France was very popular at the time for creating the idea of world powers ruling by divine right. This perception was that the ruler of a specific country was entrap on that point by matinee idol. It was their divine right to be there because they were performing the work of beau ideal.The kings subjects were non to question the decisions of the king because it was gods will and who apprise question God? King Louis cardinal was the most powerful towards divine rights. He expected to be treated akin a god because he was His delegate on earth. Louis cardinal was supported by Bishop Jacques-Bnigne Bossuet, who was the leader of French Catholicism in the seventeenth century. He used examples from the brisk Testament of rulers who were only answerable to God. Popes had insisted since the chivalrous times that they could only be judged by God. Bossuet and Louis XIV then argued that only God had the right to judge kings. In England, there was a lot of turmoil between the reigning monarchs and big(p) landowners. position monarchs act to copy France with their financial system that did nondepend heavily on the e nominates, diets, or assemblies of nobles. By doing this, it sustained to grant French monarchs rank(a) ru le. While easily achieved in France, the English monarchy failed royally. pile I of England too seek to achieve the divine right of kings. He wanted to lessen parliaments power and called on them for help as little as possible. With aside the help of parliament, pack I had to find new(prenominal) bureau of revenue. He quickly angered his subjects because of Englands inadequate income he threatened nobles, large landowners, and those of commercial wealth for m unitaryy.James I and the Duke of Buckingham also sold royal affirm to the highest bidders. Thesewere some of the key factors that led to the misgiving of the English monarchs. In contrast, King Louis XIV stooled the trust of his people and nobles with ease. He would complaisantise nobles at Versailles, his soulfulnessal twenty-six acre home. He would then grant them tax exemptions, wealth, and social standing if they supported him. The French magnanimousness found the best way to defend and promote their interests was to support the reigning monarch. quite of depending on the wealth of the nobles, he do the nobles dependent on him. He title that, the state is me, or in opposite words, that France existed for him. Louis XIV also promoted that there should be one king, one law, one faith. This helped him gain the loyalty of the ro populace Catholics who wanted to retrace Catholicism as the prominent pietism in Europe. English monarchs also bumble in establishing absolute monarchy because of religion. Protestant became the spark advance religion among the English. Protestants believed that Sunday should be total of religious observances and very little unemployed or diversion. James I believed that re inception and sports were innocent activities and permitted them to be played on Sunday, which infuriated the Protestant religions. Because of a some other miss happenings, a Protestant movement known as Puritanism was established.This was a nonpolitical force that opposed one-man ru le and sought to limit political pronouncement and eventually overturn it. There were also Puritans in France that tried to rebel notwithstanding their efforts were crushed by Louis XIV and the Roman Catholics who enforced religious uniformity. England also differed from France because of the creation of the menu of Rights. After the Glorious Revolution, when James II fled to France, England put William and Mary of orange tree on the throne. Though they were the new reigning monarchs, Parliament issued the Bill of Rights that limited powers of the monarchy and guaranteed the cultivated liberties of the English classes. William and Mary signed the Bill of Rights that would let them rule only by the consent of Parliament. From the beginning of their reign in 1689, they brought many economic and military resources into fit with the French and would eventually top France as the powerhouse of Europe. In Comparing French and English political development, the beliefs of doubting Thom as Hobbes and ass Locke perfectly illustrate the differences between absolute and parliamentary governments. Hobbes was a strict athletic takeoff rocket to absolutism and bump off control. Locke was a supporter of constitutionalismand protecting the infixed rights of human race.Both of these philosophers, existence completely paired in stack from the other, is the classic battle that has gone on forever and still exists today the difference for power and the fight for exemption. Thomas Hobbes was a very talented and depressing political philosopher. He had discouragingly low stare on values and the natural state of humans. Hobbes believed that the human race was so abominable and power stricken that they were cast out of paradise into the earth. To Hobbes, as expressed in the Leviathan, human nature was based on physical sensations and lust for power. One of his famed sayings was, life is war of every man against every man. This is why he sight that human beings must b e controlled by absolute authority. The individuals should be told every survival to make and constrained by one supreme ruler that holds all power. Hobbes approximation that rulers should have unlimited power because, the dangers of rebellion are always greater than those of tyranny. stern Locke, known as the defender of bind intimacy and toleration, had almost the exact opposite views as Hobbes. Locke viewed human beings in their natural state as being creatures of free grace and reason. He believed that humans were divine creatures put on earth by God to learn from it and make it useful. Locke wrote the Essay Concerning tender-hearted Understanding that draw the mind as being a blank ticket at birth. As a person grows the development of who they become is based on their surroundings and those around them. Hobbes idea that humans are all annoyance is rebuked by Locke saying that people are not born evil.Their surroundings, experiences, and influences are what develop evi l tendencies. Locke also wrote the Two Treatises of Government. The first described his distaste of absolutism. With too much power, he argued that there would be no independence for anyone in the condition of absolute monarchy. The snatch treatise he described the natural and God given rights of humans. Among them were the natural rights of life, liberty, and property. Those ideas were used throughout history and in the Declaration of Independence. other belief of his was that governments exist to protect liberty and the natural state of people not to overcome them. Locke was a very influential philosopher who greatly impressed many future generations with his political philosophical insight.Overall, the development of some(prenominal) absolute and parliamentary governments greatly affect Europe. The battles between France and Englandto have a lasting government caused chaos throughout both countries. If anything, the Europeans learned many ways how not to run a country. Bot h countries and the development of differing monarchies set an example for many other countries. France created a strong absolute government as an example for rulers all over the world on how to have complete control of people. England eventually came around and with the help of the people created parliamentary government. The concept of constitutionalism was even a model for constructing the American administration. currently the battle between power and freedom still goes on and will carry as long as there are people like Thomas Hobbes and John Locke who argue for their beliefs.